Geographically,
Indonesia consists of islands and makes the country extremely vulnerable to
climate change. Thousands of islands are in threat of subsidence and number of
small islands have indeed sunken or are in the brink of subsidence. Moreover,
socially the marine and fishery sector is dominated by fishermen and coastal community.
The climate change affects the livelihood of this community in terms of
fishing, for example. The unpredictable climate pattern has discouraged the
fishermen to go out fishing thus resulting in declining income.
Indonesia’s Adaptation
Strategy in marine and fishery sector consists of :
1.
Physical adaptation at coastal areas and small islands through integrated
management and environmental friendly physical engineering.
2.
Residential areas management
3.
Infrastructure and public facility management
4.
Management of fishery resources, water resources, security and defense of the
outermost islands
5.
Integrated management of coastal areas, small islands and marine ecosystem
6. Developing policy, rules and institutional capacity
Indonesia
has formulated five priority activities for adapting to climate change in
marine and fishery sector in 2010-2030. Those activities have been chosen
considering the extent of the impact which is already and is inflicting the marine
and fishery sector up to the current moments. The selection of priority
activities in sequence can be based on several criteria, among others are:
level of effectiveness ( in responding to the potential impact of climate
change), cost, feasibility, socio-cultural feasibility, competence in
anticipating the existing impact, speed of implementation, as well as
consistency with the policies of the central government and regional
governments. These priority activities may be seen as present below.
Five Priority Activities on
Climate Change Adaptation in Marine and Fishery Sector (ICCSR, 2010)
1. Formulating and or adjusting
the regulations, policies, and institutional capacity of the marine and fishery
sector in relation to climate change at coastal areas and small islands
2. Adjusting the elevation,
strengthening building structure and essential facilities in coastal areas in
relation to climate change
3. Adjusting the management of
integrated sea-water fishery potential resources in relation to climate change
4. Adjusting the management of
sea, estuary and fresh water fishery potential resources
5. Adjusting the management of
strategic small islands in relation to climate change